Why Do Employees at Firms Such as Apple Computer Work?

Case 01 Because of downsizing of apple computers survivors has no other option except working hard and long hours to protect their job. The management also has big role to change workers perception to work hard and long hours otherwise workers will stressed and withdrawal behavior may occur. As stated in the case, apple computer workers wearing the t-shirts that proclaim â€Å"90 hours a week and loving it! † is a kind of management actions will help to change their workers personality, perception and make positive attitude on working hard and long hours Also they provide mobile phones, pagers and computers to their workers for telecommuting.This will helps to balance their work- life balance. The motivation factors of the organization will be most important for retain the workers and encourage them to work hard and long hours in a effective manner with positive attitudes. Job satisfaction of the employees will happily contribute to the organization positively and effectively also, organizational commitment of the employees will play major role.If employees are well committed in to the organization, they will do their best to the organization in a happily and positively. As stated in the case, managements try to select the employees with personality to work long hours when requiting the new employees so they don’t need to do much to change employees attitudes to work around the clock since when they apply the job they are ready to work long hours. Nations Trust Bank in sri lanka also practiced downsizing during the Global economic recession in year 2009.They have terminated their temporary staff at counters in all branches to reduce their administrative cost so survived staff has to work hard and long hours to complete the usual process. Nations Trust Bank is normally operating 8 hours per day and 365 days per year. due to this downsizing front level managers also has to fill the counter work and finally they are stressed but they don’t hav e any other option since Nations Trust Bank having good image and value on banking sector in sri lanka and it’s a subsidiary of popular john keels group employees hesitate to switch their job.By understanding this by the top management at nations trust bank change some structural, process and behavioral changing strategies to keep their workers more positively and effectively. They also staff to ware t-shirts on holiday work they allow their employees to work on shift basis & flexible work arrangements. Also they provide outbound training and many other personality development training programs and Extrinsic motivations like salary increments.

The Rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire Essay

The story of Christianity’s rise to prominence is a remarkable one but also blurry one. As far as historical fact about the beginnings of Christianity that is. Many scholars point to the time around 4 BC as the most likely period for Christ’s birth, but that is also uncertain. Likewise the year of his death is not historically accurate or clearly established. It is thought to have taken place sometime around Ad 26 through AD 36. Christianity as a religion faced many years of persecution and punishments, sometimes even death. But, over the course of a few hundred years, despite all of this, the small persecuted religion of Christianity rose to become the dominant religion of the Roman Empire (Adler). Based off of historical texts Jesus of Nazareth was a very easy going laid back religious teacher and later a Jewish leader. Raised the earthly son of a carpenter, he did not come from high class society(Rise). He was just a normal, religious boy from next door to those who knew him growing up. It was only later that the Christians began to believe he was the Messiah, which is the human personification of God. Although there is little historical text about his early life more is known about his later years during his time as Messiah. He was clearly not one of the Jewish zealots who sought to overthrow and push out Roman rule in the land but, the Roman rulers did see him as a threat to security. It is known that Jesus did denounce the priests that Rome had appointed in charge of the religious sites of the Palestine(Lunn). This denouncement could have been perceived as an indirect threat to Roman rule by Jesus. This threat coupled with the fact that he was becoming known as the â€Å"King of the Jews† is why he was condemned and sentenced to death. The Roman leaders saw his death sentence as the closing of a chapter on a minor problem before it became a major nuisance and came back to bite them in the behinds. Therefore, it can be concluded that the crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth was nothing more than a political decision based on political motivations(Paulgaard). Whatever the importance his death was to the Roman leaders is went hardly noticed by Roman historians. To them his death was no more important than a street beggars. It can be assumed that the Roman leaders who agreed to his crucifixion  thought that his teachings would die along with him or shortly thereafter(Lunn). They must have been furious when his very loyal and determined followers didn’t allow that to happen. One of their own Roman citizens, Paul (known as Saint Paul) proved to be the most effective in caring on spreading the word of God the way Jesus himself did. He was a devout follower of Jesus and believed that if Jesus was willing to die for the sins of mankind and for his beliefs then it all must be true. Saint Paul became well known for his missionary trips that took him from Palestine into the Roman Empire (Syria, Turkey, Greece, and Italy). He carried only his teachings of Jesus new religion with him and spread the word to the non-Jews(Lunn). Up to this point in history Christianity was only known as a small Jewish Sect. It was Paul who took this new religion and the story of Jesus the Messiah to the masses. Most of the biblical scriptures of the new testament were written after the death of Jesus so there would have been very few available to him to use. The actual outlines of his new religion of that day is relatively unknown so Paul’s teachings and preaching would have been on the general ideas of Jesus and his ideas of Christianity such as the firsthand knowledge Jesus said he had of his holy father being the one and only God. It was Christianity’s insistence of one all-knowing and all-powerful God and others teachings like it that led to the Roman’s feeling threatened. Roman authorities waited for quite some time before deciding how to best approach and deal with this new religion. In the mean time, Paul and others like him were picking up so many followers so fast that the Roman leaders began to think of Christianity as a cult(Paulgaard). The Roman Empire had for so long kept it guaranteed religious peace due to the principles of religious toleration most of all Christianity was in direct defiance of the â€Å"official state religion of the empire.† To top it all of Christians refused to perform Caesar worship, which was required of all citizens of the Roman Empire, and this more than anything else proved of the Christians disloyalty to their Roman rulers. Finally, in AD 64 Roman authorities got an answer to the question of what to with the followers of Jesus and Christianity ,when Nero’s bloody repression led to the persecution of the Christians(Rise). This repression ,though rash and short lived, was a significant historical  event. After the repression and upon learning of the Christians refusal to perform Cesar worship, the Roman emperor Domitian sent investigators to Galilee to questions the family of Jesus. They released all they questioned without charging them but just the fact that the Roman Emperor had taken interest in this small Jewish sect proved that Christianity was no longer merely just a small Jewish sect but a force to be reckoned with. It was towards the end of the 1st century that Christians finally severed all ties with Judaism and established themselves as their own religion(World). They were Christians and they were independent of all other religions. After the separation Roman authorities no longer had them on radar. They didn’t know who Christians were independent from Judaism. The fact that Christianity was now unknown to the Roman Empire led to all kinds of rumors about this new sect. There were all kinds of rumors that Christians were performing all kinds of secret rituals such as child sacrifice, incest and even cannibalism. This led to major bad publicity ,so to speak, for Christians. During the 2nd century AD Christians were once again persecuted for their beliefs. The biggest reason this time was because Christianity did not allow their members to give the statutory reverence to the images of the gods and of the emperor. Their gatherings then became considered a civil disobedience and a transgression against the edict of Trajan. The edict of Trajan forbade meetings of secret societies and since the roman authorities considered Christianity a cult, that was a secret society(Lunn). The next serious persecutions were those under the rule of Marcus Aurelius. This period defined the Christians understanding of martyrdom. Following a period of widespread toleration of the Christians by the roman authorities after the persecution by Marcus Aurelis, Diocletian enacted what was to become the greatest persecution of Christians under Roman rule. He and Caesar Galerius launched a purge against the sect. They saw the Christians as becoming far too powerful and so in turn to dangerous. AD 312 marked the beginning of a new era in the history of Christianity under Roman rule. Emperor Constantine had a vision of the sign of Christ in a dream on the eve of a battle with his rival emperor Maxentius. The vision told him that he was to have the symbol inscribed on his helmet so he did.  He also ordered all of his bodyguard to paint in on their shields. After his victory in battle he declared that he owed his victory to the God of Christians. Constantine already had a tolerant attitude of the Christians that he had gotten from his father but before that night he had never indicated that he would be on their side(Paulgaard). His vision changed the fate of Christianity for good. Constantine secured religious toleration towards Christians all over the empire. It was in AD 324 that he defeated his last rival emperor and his final religious restraint disappeared that he became the first Christian emperor that ruled over the entire empire. He saw to the construction of many gr eat churches and great monuments to Christianity. He also became openly hostile toward the pagans and sought out to confiscate their treasures. The items confiscated were later given to the Christian Churches. Citizens of the Roman empire never really were even given time to work into Christianity, they were just kind of shocked into it by Constantine saying I am ruler and what I say goes. Following Constantine as ruler was Julian. When he took the throne he immediately renounced Christianity but could do little to change it as Christianity by then dominated the religious make-up of the empire. After years of trying to establish what was and was not part of the Christian religion in was the emperor Theodosius in AD 380 that took the final step and made Christianity the official religion of the state(Lunn). There were ups and downs for Christianity in the Roman Empire following the decision to make it the official religion, but no matter who argued against it, the fact was that Christianity was there to stay. The road for Christianity from a small Jewish sect to the official religion of the Roman Empire was a long and deadly one paved with the loves of many a Christian, starting with the life of Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus start out with the goal of spreading the news that there was only one God and that he was a loving, forgiving, and faithful God. Roman authorities from first learning of Christianity, sought to destroy it. They wanted no part of a cult that didn’t bend to their will because they could not control them. Many Roman’s thought that by threatening and then following through with killing Christians, they would renounce their faith in their God. But, they didn’t. It took a very long time and many, many deaths and persecutions for one  Roman emperor to stand on the side of the Christians. Had it not been for Constantine and his vision, Chrisitanity may not have gotten to where it is today. It is not only to official Roman Empire’s religion it has beco me the most well known and most practiced religion among the western world to date. And it all leads back to one man who died on the cross for my sins. Bibliography 1. Adler, Philip J., Pouwels, Randall L. World Cvilizations. 6th ed. copyright 2012,2008 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. pgs 138-142 2. The Rise of Christianity. Purdue Online. Purdue.Edu.com April 22,2014 3. Lunn-Rockliffe, Dr. Sophie. Christianity and the Roman Empire. BBC History Ancient History in depth. pub.2011-02-17. Online. April 24,2014. 4. Paulgaard, James. The Expansion of Christianity in the Roman Empire. University of Saskatcewan.1 April 1999. Worldpress.com April 22, 2014.

How the United States Government Has Changed - 1030 Words

Since the fight for liberty from Europe, the political system of the United States had change for good. The United States had made improvement in their government structure to make the country a better place. The country has being affected in many different ways since the departure from the mother country. Due to the liberty the American people wanted, they had to make a government that could lead them to a better country than the mother country. The American people had being making many improvements to the government to make a strong self-governed country. The country had had some advantages and disadvantages that lead the country to the government what is today. The political history of Unites States from constitutional convention to†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the along the way of reshaping the government system society was changing the status of African American people in the U.S with the anti-slavery foundations. In the new politic system of the United States the women’s rights were coming to surface. In the reshaping of the government system and the advances that the country was having, the status of the women were as well changing from 1850-1846. Some women had the opportunity for education and other had more participation in religion. For instance, Women played an increasing role in public education during the reform era. Catharine Beecher, a sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe, encouraged women to enter the teaching profession because their natural role suited them to the care and nurturing of children. Women were very active during the reform of humanitarian reforms they were more active than ever. For instance, the spirit of reform was prevalent in the field of womens rights. Many women played a central role in a wide range of historical moral crusades. This reform was the beginning for the movement of women’s rights; they did not totally include all the women’s right b ut surely was the set point for women to be considered. Not only women participate for their women right but as well they participate in politics with the issue of anti-slavery. For instance, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were two female delegates to the World Anti-Slavery Convention held at London in 1840. EvenShow MoreRelatedImmigration : How It s Changed And Stayed The Same1727 Words   |  7 Pages Immigration How It’s Changed and Stayed the Same Gilardo Gonzalez Ms.Ferguson Ap US History, Block 4 09/06/15 Immigration has changed a lot throughout the years in American history, not only in laws about immigration, but about places where immigrants came from, and the different races that immigrated. These factors have changed throughout history by shaping the social and economic aspects of the United States. 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The simple version of the 8th Amendment, â€Å"Prohibits the federal g overnment from imposing excessive bail, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted, including torture (8th Amendment to the United States Constitution).† To define tortureRead MoreJohn Locke s Influence On The United States1162 Words   |  5 Pagesnotably the United States. Locke’s ideas were crucial in the crafting of the United States Constitution and more importantly, the creation of American culture, both social, governmental, and economic. Locke was the inspiration for the three branch government system in America along with the representative democracy and the government acting as a third party to protect the rights of the people and to settle disputes. Economically, America is a highly commercial society with little government interference

Human Trafficking The Issue Around The Globe - 1532 Words

People were created to be loved, things were created to be used. The reason the world is in chaos is because things are being loved and people are being used. This is a statement by anonymous, and it is a statement that rings all too true for many adults and children being used in human trafficking. Human trafficking is a topic that too many in society ignore, and it is arguably that ignorance that serves as a bigger conundrum than the topic itself. Human trafficking, also known as slavery, is when humans are sold to the highest bidder at an auction or used in businesses as slaves, and all too often these slaves are used for sexual purposes. Roughly 79% of slaves are sexually exploited according to The United Nations Protocol against Trafficking in Persons. Dictionary. Reference defines a sex slave as a person who is forced into prostitution and held against their will. Sex trafficking is a major issue around the globe, for no matter how diverse cultures may seem they all share the common horror of sex slavery which results in grave violations in human rights. Being a global problem that creates a common factor in nearly all cultures, one would expect humanity to be able to spot the sign of a slave or even know what’s going on and help solve the crisis, but conversely people have shunned the topic of slavery and try not to even think about it. How ignorant people have become is the real problem, for if more people were aware of the issue then more people would be willingShow MoreRelatedThe Trafficking Of Human Trafficking1061 Words   |  5 Pagestwenty to thirty million slaves in the world today. Unfortunately due to trafficking being a fast growing crime it is very difficult to identify and locate these organizations and victims. Although there are many groups created to support victims, not enough awareness is being made and not enough action is being applied to stop human trafficking. Sex trafficking is a form of human trafficking that has been a worldwide issue since ancient times, but regularly forgotten, due to it being almost an impossibleRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is An Illegal Movement Of People986 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION: Human Trafficking is an illegal movement of people for the purpose of forced labour or sexual exploitation. Millions of people from around the globe have been captured and caught to undergo activities against their will mainly for the act of slavery or pleasure and prostitution.Human Trafficking is a criminal industry stripping people of life and freedom. To this day, human trafficking is happening around the globe and numbers of victims are increasing up until this generation. 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Nuclear Energy Nuclear And Non Renewable Sources Of Energy

Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy has always been considered as one of the best options to replace petroleum and other non-renewable sources of energy since the scientific research begin on it more than half a century ago. With the passage of time, scientists came up with ideas and systems to utilize this energy practically for the benefit of the mankind so that it can be an alternate to the non-renewable sources of energy adding to that some other uses as well (eg. Nuclear medicine). This off course is an engineering task and as a matter of fact scientists do not consider it as their first choice of research. In the following sections, we will see what are the major barriers that the Nuclear energy professionals have to face in next 50 years. The Challenges Each and every challenge that arises to the nuclear industry comes from a very well-known energy related trouble that the world is facing, i.e., to go for a sustainable and clean form of energy which could replace petroleum products. And as the world population grows, this challenge becomes even tougher as more and more fuel is needed for being utilized by the people, which makes it a problem that is to be resolved at a great pace. Some people think that we can never be short of petroleum and other related product, however, scientists, researchers and other more qualified people know how much serious it can get if proper attention is not given in this issue. The amount of oil that is being consumed by the world today isShow MoreRelatedNuclear Energy Vs. Renewable Energy1102 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscovery of nuclear energy, it has remained the most powerful energy source to this day. Despite its superiority in energy efficiency and safety to the environment, fossil fuels are the dominant source of energy in the United States. 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Some examples of non renewable energy are nuclear energy, coal, an dRead MoreNuclear Energy Is Essential For The Modern World1400 Words   |  6 Pagesefficient, and safer ways to generate energy that plays an enormous role in keeping modern civilization moving forward. This issue gained immense importance after President Trump proposed budget cuts for science programs affecting nuclear energy research programs. Science energy research programs offer tons of knowledge in regard to better understanding sustainable nuclear energy that contributed to tremendous breakthroughs in the last decades. Nuclear energy is essential for the everyday modern worldRead MoreThe Future Industry in Energy: Dropping the Concept of Nuclear Energy1209 Words   |  5 PagesIndustry in Energy: Dropping the Concept of Nuclear Energy At the start of the mid 1950’s, the world was introduced to a new, alternative source of power that would revolutionize the energy industry; this power became known as nuclear energy. 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Although renewable sources have not yet been exploited to their maximum, their use has been increasing since the 1960’s. T he main renewable energy sources are Wind, Geothermal, and Solar energy. Contrary to renewable sources, non-renewable sources lead in the production of electricity and other forms of energy. For non-renewable sources, Fossil fuel and Coal are the

Born in the Usa free essay sample

The song deals with the effects of the Vietnam War on Americans that can be depicted after going through the wordings of the song. The song is often misinterpreted as a patriotic song as the starting lines and the body of song resembles so. The song was initially written in 1981. It served as a title song for the film maker Paul Schrader. The song became so popular that Springsteen used it for his multi-platinum album. During his concerts, the crowd used to enjoy a lot with national flags. The song was treated as a patriotic song. People were generally not focusing on the wordings in the song. The song tries to show up the cultural diversity been faced by the people who had experienced Vietnam War. It is a tribute to Springsteen’s friends who were involved in the war. Some of them did not come back. These people tried to get fitted in Vietnam, but they found themselves unsuccessful. We will write a custom essay sample on Born in the Usa or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When they came back, they faced too much of hardships. The songs narrative traces the victims’ working-class origins, induction into the armed forces, and disaffected return back to the States. An anguished lyrical interlude is even more jolting, describing the fate of the writer’s brother (in some recordings or live shows, the word brother is replaced with buddy): â€Å"I had a brother at Khe Sanh Fighting off the Viet Cong Theyre still there, hes all gone He had a woman he loved in Saigon I got a picture of him in her arms now† Springsteen is talking about the country that he was born into, raised in, touted as the greatest in the world. He is talking about it in context to the Vietnam War. The character in the song has a brother and a lover of his brother, both whom are killed during this meaningless conflict. Down in the shadow of the penitentiary Out by the gas fires of the refinery Im ten years burning down the road Nowhere to run, aint got nowhere to go The above lines show that these vets are living dead-end lives with little or no positive change in their future. Even the line where he talks about the woman and his brother Theyre long gone, shows that some people really did not pay any attention to the people returning from Vietnam. The North Vietnamese Army was involved in the Battle of Khe Sanh, not the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (the Viet Cong) heard in the song lyrics. Eventually the Americans prevailed and broke the siege, only to withdraw from the outpost a couple of months later. Khe Sanh thus became one of the media symbols of the futility of the whole war effort in the States. Some of the scholars writing in the journal American Quarterly explored the song as a grievance for the embattled working-class identity. Deeply analyzing the unspoken feel behind the song, it can be noted that the anthem chorus contrasts with the desperate narrative, a tension which informs an understanding of the songs overall meaning: the nationalist chorus continuously overwhelms the desperation and sacrifice passed on in the verses. The imagery of the Vietnam War could be read as metaphor for the social and economic siege of American blue-collar communities at large, and that lyrics discussing economic devastation are likely symbolic for the effect of blind nationalism upon the working-class. The song as a whole, express grief on the destabilization of the economics and politics protecting the industrial working class in the 1970s and early 1980s, leaving only a deafening but hollow national pride. In attaining the hollow national pride, the miseries of War affected people were neglected. The writer clearly describes his frustration regarding the negligence given to a particular culture. He says about non-acceptance of the culture by their own people. He is not saying that the group he is addressing is not capable of meeting challenges of the culture, but the culture was not accepting those people in their ethnic group. Ultimately those people were left alone in their own society and the society didn’t bo ther about them.

It Is Curious To Note The Role Of Women In Shakespearean Literature. M

It is curious to note the role of women in Shakespearean literature. Many critics have lambasted the female characters in his plays as two-dimensional and unrealistic portrayals of subservient women. Others have asserted that the roles of women in his plays were prominent for the time and culture that he lived in. That such contrasting views could be held in regards to the same topic is academic. It is only with close examination of his works that we are able to suppose his intent in creating characters that inspire so much controversy. Two works, Taming of the Shrew, and Twelfth Night, stand out particularly well in regards to Shakespeare's use of female characters. After examining these two plays, one will see that Shakespeare, though conforming to contemporary attitudes of women, circumvented them by creating resolute female characters with a strong sense of self. The Taming of the Shrew is one of Shakespeare's most famous plays, and has weathered well into our modern era with adaptations into popular television series such as Moonlighting. For all the praises it has garnered throughout the centuries, it is curious to note that many have considered it to be one of his most controversial in his treatment of women. The "taming" of Katherine has been contended as being excessively cruel by many writers and critics of the modern era. George Bernard Shaw himself pressed for its banning during the 19th century (Peralta). The subservience of Katherine has been labeled as barbaric, antiquated, and generally demeaning. The play centers on her and her lack of suitors. It establishes in the first act her shrewish demeanor and its repercussions on her family. It is only with the introduction of the witty Petruchio as her suitor, that one begins to see an evolution in her character. Through an elaborate charade of humiliating behavior, Petruchio humbles he r and by the end of the play, she will instruct other women on the nature of being a good and dutiful wife. In direct contrast to Shrew, is Twelfth Night, whose main female protagonist is by far the strongest character in the play. The main character Viola, has been stranded in a foreign land and adopts the identity of her brother so that she might live independently without a husband or guardian. She serves as a courtier to a young, lovesick nobleman named Orsino. Throughout the play she plays as a go-between for him to the woman he loves. In the course of her service, she falls in love with him. Only at the end, does she renounce her male identity and declares her love for him. Both plays portray female characters unwilling to accept the female role of passivity. Katherine rebels against this stereotype by becoming a "shrew", a violently tempered and belligerent woman. Viola disguises herself as a man for most of the play in order to preserve her state of free will. Katherine endures reprimands, chiding, and humiliation in the course of her chosen rebellion. Viola enjoys life and position as a man, and does not reveal who she is until the last scene of the play. Curiously enough, both women voluntarily accept the roles that society would impose on them again at the close of the plays. It is important to note though, that they freely resume these roles, and that they do so out of their own sense of self. For each woman, it is a personal choice based on their desires. In the case of Katherine, she realizes that propriety is as much a signature of self-respect as respect for others, and she has a husband whom she need prove nothing to because he already respec ts her. In the case of Viola, she is in love with the young Orsino. Having found the man she would be willing to wed, the pretense of her male identity is no longer necessary, as she desires to be his wife. Having seen the similarities between Viola and Katherine, one should take notice that they do have different circumstances regarding their behavior. The reason for Katherine's shrewish demeanor is never given in the play, though many directors have interpreted it as an act to discourage suitors, much like Hamlet's feigned madness. Others have attributed it